• Procedures and Guidelines
  • Welcome
    • Copyright
    • UBCO Biology open materials
    • Why Procedures and Guidelines?
    • Structure
  • File and Data Management
  • 1 File and Data Management
  • 2 File Naming
    • 2.1 Quick Reference
      • 2.1.1 Lab reports and manuscripts
      • 2.1.2 Figures and plots
      • 2.1.3 Analysis
      • 2.1.4 Data
    • 2.2 What’s in a name
      • Human interpretable
      • Machine readable
    • 2.3 An example
  • 3 Directories
    • 3.1 Working directory
    • 3.2 Relative and Absolute Paths
      • Absolute paths
      • Relative paths
    • 3.3 Set a Working Directory in RStudio
      • Preferred Method: Creating a Project
      • Create a New Project in a New Folder
      • Create a New Project in an Existing Folder
  • 4 Directory Structures
    • 4.1 Directory Hierarchies
    • 4.2 Directory Naming
    • 4.3 readme files and data dictionaries
      • General rules
      • File formats
    • 4.4 Root folder readme
    • 4.5 Data directory readme
    • 4.6 Data dictionary
    • 4.7 Example BIOL 116
      • Top Level folder
      • Data Folder
      • Analysis Folder
      • Figures Folder
      • Report Folder
      • Screenshot
    • 4.8 Example BIOL 125
      • Day 1
      • Day 2
      • Day 3
      • Day 4-5
      • Day 6
  • 5 Tidy data
    • 5.1 Wide Data
    • 5.2 Tidy Data
    • 5.3 Side by Side Comparison
      • Wide Data
      • Tidy Data
  • Data Presentation
  • 6 Figures & Tables
    • 6.1 Tables
      • Example
    • 6.2 Descriptive & Summary Statistics
    • 6.3 Results of Statistical Tests
    • 6.4 Figures
      • Examples
  • 7 Sketches & Drawings
    • 7.1 The Role of Sketches
    • 7.2 Sketching Guidelines
      • General Guidelines
      • Organisms and Structures
      • Microscopes
    • 7.3 Good Example Sketches
      • Example 1
      • Example 2
    • 7.4 Poor Example Sketch
  • Writing and Citing
  • 8 Markdown
    • 8.1 How Markdown Works
    • 8.2 What You Need to Get Started
      • VS Code
    • 8.3 Prose
    • 8.4 Structure
      • Headings
    • 8.5 Emphasis and Style
      • Italics
      • Bold
      • Strikethrough
    • 8.6 Code
    • 8.7 Blockquotes
    • 8.8 Lists
      • Ordered lists
      • Unordered lists
    • 8.9 Tables
    • 8.10 Links
    • 8.11 Images
    • 8.12 Markdown Flavours
  • 9 APA Citations
    • 9.1 In-text Citations
      • Narrative vs Parenthetical
      • Quick Format Guide
    • 9.2 Reference List
      • Journal article with a DOI (1-2 authors)
      • Journal article with a DOI (3-20 authors)
  • 10 Types of Sources
    • Primary Sources
    • Secondary Sources
    • Review Sources
  • 11 Finding & Evaluating Published Evidence
    • 11.1 Types of Evidence
      • 11.1.1 Original Research
      • 11.1.2 Secondary Research
      • 11.1.3 Opinion & Commentary
    • 11.2 Sources of Evidence
      • 11.2.1 General
      • 11.2.2 Health & Biological Processes
      • 11.2.3 Niche
    • 11.3 Google Scholar and AI Citation Searching
      • 11.3.1 When to Use Which
    • 11.4 Grey Literature
    • 11.5 Searching Basics
      • 11.5.1 Concepts
      • 11.5.2 Boolean logic
      • 11.5.3 Stemming & Wildcards
      • 11.5.4 Phrase searching
    • 11.6 Evaluating the Literature
  • 12 APA Citations
    • 12.1 In-text Citations
      • Narrative vs Parenthetical
      • Quick Format Guide
    • 12.2 Reference List
      • Journal article with a DOI (1-2 authors)
      • Journal article with a DOI (3-20 authors)
  • 13 Academic Integrity
  • 14 Reference Management: Zotero
    • 14.1 Installation & first launch
      • First launch
    • 14.2 Browser plugin
    • 14.3 Accounts & sync setup
      • Connecting Zotero Desktop with the Cloud
    • 14.4 Adding citations
    • 14.5 Renaming PDFs
    • 14.6 Syncing to the cloud
      • Zotero Cloud
  • 15 Copyright
  • R
  • 16 ggplot
    • 16.1 The Basic Graph
    • 16.2 Labeling and captions
    • 16.3 Size, shape & colour
    • 16.4 More than one geom
    • 16.5 More than one plot
    • 16.6 Faceting a Plot
    • 16.7 Cusomizing Look and Feel
      • Themes
      • Colours
  • Glossary
  • 17 Glossary
  • Appendix
  • A1: Magnification of A Drawing
    • 17.1 Object Size
    • 17.2 Method 1: Estimation
      • Field of View Diameter
      • Estimating Object Size
    • 17.3 Method 2: Ocular Micrometer
      • Calibrating the Ocular Micrometer
    • 17.4 Drawing Size
    • 17.5 Calculating Scale
  • Published with bookdown

Procedures and Guidelines

8.10 Links

To create a link to a url or another document, encase the text with square brackets, [ ], and follow the text immediately with the link encased in parentheses, ( ).

Input

To visit the UBC Okanagan Faculty of Biology website click [here](https://biology.ok.ubc.ca/).

Output

To visit the UBC Okanagan Faculty of Biology website click here.